What does LGBTQ+ mean? The letters commonly stand for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer; Q can also mean questioning in some contexts. The plus recognises identities beyond the letters. A glossary can explain common usage, but each person decides how to describe themselves and whether to share that information.
If an unfamiliar word has appeared in a conversation, you do not need to memorise every term before responding respectfully. Start by distinguishing orientation, gender and personal language. Then avoid using a definition as a reason to quiz someone about their private life.
This adult reader's guide introduces common terms and everyday communication questions. It is not a diagnostic checklist, a festival schedule or a way to predict someone's anatomy, relationships or product preferences.
Orientation, gender identity and expression are different
Sexual orientation concerns attraction. Gender identity is a person's sense of their gender. Gender expression concerns presentation. A person's clothing does not establish their orientation or identity. GLAAD's transgender FAQ explains these distinctions.
A glossary describes words; it does not assign them to people. Someone may use a broad label, a specific label, several words or none. Ask how they would like to be described when that information is relevant, and leave room for an answer such as “I prefer not to discuss it.”
Common orientation terms
These brief descriptions are introductions. GLAAD's LGBTQ glossary provides fuller explanations and context.
- Lesbian: commonly used by women attracted to women.
- Gay: commonly used for same-gender attraction, including by men attracted to men.
- Bisexual: attraction to more than one gender; it does not prescribe equal attraction or a person's current relationship.
- Queer: a reclaimed umbrella term used by some people. Others do not welcome it as a personal label.
- Questioning: exploring or considering one's orientation or gender identity.
The PFLAG National Glossary also describes these terms:
- Pansexual: attraction that is not limited by gender.
- Asexual: little or no sexual attraction; not the same as choosing abstinence.
- Demisexual: experiencing sexual attraction in connection with a strong emotional bond.
- Aromantic: little or no romantic attraction; distinct from sexual attraction.
These words do not tell you whether someone wants a particular relationship or activity. Do not use a label as permission to make personal assumptions.
Gender and related terms
- Transgender: an umbrella term for people whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex at birth.
- Cisgender: describes people whose gender identity aligns with their assigned sex at birth.
- Nonbinary: identities not exclusively within the categories of man or woman.
- Genderfluid: a term used for gender identity that changes over time.
- Intersex: relates to variations in sex characteristics; it is not a synonym for transgender.
See the linked GLAAD FAQ and PFLAG glossary for context. Pronouns are words used to refer to someone, such as she, he or they. Use the pronouns the person gives you; do not treat them as an invitation to ask about medical history.
Some related words describe something else
Drag concerns performance and gender expression; it does not identify every performer's gender. Polyamory describes a relationship structure, not a sexual orientation. Allyship involves support and action rather than simply possessing a vocabulary. PFLAG provides expanded descriptions.
Two-Spirit is a culturally specific term used by some Indigenous people, not a general alternative label for anyone who is nonbinary. Avoid assigning it outside its context or assuming one definition represents all Indigenous communities.
What does respectful language sound like in practice?
The following are original editorial examples, not quotations from a source or scripts someone must follow:
- When a description is needed: “Is there a term you would like me to use, or would you prefer I leave that information out?”
- When you make a mistake: “Sorry, I meant they.” Correct it briefly and continue rather than requiring reassurance.
- When a word is unfamiliar: “I can look up the general meaning. You do not have to explain your personal experience.”
- Before sharing: “May I mention this to anyone else?” Accept a no without seeking an exception.
The goal is a conversation that leaves someone control over their own description. A technically accurate definition can still be used intrusively if it becomes a demand for disclosure.
What should you avoid assuming?
Identity does not identify someone's body parts, sexual interests, medical needs or shopping preferences. It also does not establish consent. If a practical question genuinely matters, ask that question directly without using a label to supply the answer.
For example, choosing a device involves the intended use and the person's preferences. It does not require assigning a “correct product” to an orientation. Sharing someone's identity publicly also requires a separate decision about privacy. Our boundaries guide discusses private information and conversations.
Common glossary questions
Is queer acceptable for everyone?
No. Some people use it for themselves; others do not. Follow the person's own language rather than applying it automatically.
Does asexual mean a person cannot have a relationship?
No. Attraction, relationship choices and behaviour are different questions. Do not infer personal choices from one label.
What if different glossaries use different wording?
Check context and the person or community's preferred usage. Language develops, and a brief definition is a starting point rather than a final authority on someone's life.
Sources and scope
GLAAD and PFLAG resources were checked on October 4, 2026. This glossary is a selective introduction, not exhaustive. Conversation examples are original editorial guidance; no community endorsement or external professional review of this article is claimed.
Cover: Simon Boxus / Unsplash. Illustrative photograph; no product use or endorsement is depicted.
